نیارش گستر ایران
ساختن دست یافتنی است!نیارش گستر ایران
ساختن دست یافتنی است!زمین‌لرزه ۱۹۶۰ والدیویا، شیلی- 1960 Valdivia earthquake
زمین‌لرزهٔ ۱۹۶۰ والدیویا یا زمین‌لرزهٔ عظیم شیلی در تاریخ ۲۲ مه ۱۹۶۰ میلادی، برابر با ۱ خرداد ۱۳۳۹، ساعت ۱۹:۱۱:۱۷ به زمان یوتی‌سی در شیلی، منطقه والدیویا رخ داد. این زمین‌لرزه قدرتمندترین زمین‌لرزهٔ ثبت شده در تاریخ است. ژرفای این زلزله ۳۵ کیلومتر و بزرگی آن ۹٫۶ در مقیاس Mw اعلام شده‌است. زمین‌لرزه به وقت محلی در روز یکشنبه، ساعت ۱۵ روی داده و منطقه زمانی آن یوتی‌سی -۴ بوده‌است (با لحاظ تغییر ساعت تابستانی).
The
1960 Valdivia earthquake (Spanish: Terremoto de Valdivia) or the Great
Chilean earthquake (Gran terremoto de Chile) on 22 May 1960 is the most
powerful earthquake ever recorded. Various studies have placed it at
9.4–9.6 on the moment magnitude scale. It occurred in the afternoon
(19:11 GMT, 15:11 local time), and lasted approximately 10 minutes. The
resulting tsunami affected southern Chile, Hawaii, Japan, the
Philippines, eastern New Zealand, southeast Australia, and the Aleutian
Islands.
The epicenter of this megathrust earthquake was near Lumaco,
approximately 570 kilometres (350 mi) south of Santiago, with Valdivia
being the most affected city. The tremor caused localised tsunamis that
severely battered the Chilean coast, with waves up to 25 metres (82 ft).
The main tsunami traveled across the Pacific Ocean and devastated Hilo,
Hawaii. Waves as high as 10.7 metres (35 ft) were recorded 10,000
kilometres (6,200 mi) from the epicenter, and as far away as Japan and
the Philippines.
The death toll and monetary losses arising from this widespread disaster
are not certain. Various estimates of the total number of fatalities
from the earthquake and tsunamis have been published, ranging between
1,000 and 7,000 killed. Different sources have estimated the monetary
cost ranged from US$400 million to $800 million (or $3.46 billion to
$6.91 billion today, adjusted for inflation).